arXiv
01Zuyao Xu, Xiang Li
Evidence that a Web client is an AI agent, through active challenges and passive interaction signals.
Selected work
Research
8Research worksPapers, research questions, and methods.
ACM IMC 2026
02Ollama in the Wild: A Longitudinal Measurement of Exposed Ollama LLM Endpoints at Internet Scale
[PDF][DOI]Zuyao Xu, Xiang Li, Yuqi Qiu, Lu Sun
A year-long view of exposed, self-hosted LLM infrastructure.
IEEE S&P 2026 PosterCCF-NSS 2026 Poster
03GhostCite: A Large-Scale Analysis of Citation Validity in the Age of Large Language Models
[PDF][Poster PDF]Zuyao Xu, Yuqi Qiu, Lu Sun, Fasheng Miao et al.
Measuring citation validity in the age of language models.
ACM IMC 2026 PosterCCF-NSS 2026 Poster
04Agent Transfer Protocol: Server-Mediated Authentication and Messaging for Agent-to-Agent Communication
[arXiv PDF][arXiv][DOI]Xiang Li, Yuqi Qiu, Zuyao Xu, Lu Sun, Fasheng Miao, Fubin Wu, Haixin Duan, Zheli Liu
Stable agent addresses, offline delivery, and independently verifiable cross-domain messages.
arXiv
05Zuyao Xu, Yuyang Jia, Junwei Guan, Xiang Li, Kaiwen Shen, Zhiqiang Dong
Coordinating multi-agent exploration through a shared graph of facts and intents.
arXiv
06Zuyao Xu, Xiang Li, Fubin Wu, Yuqi Qiu, Lu Sun, Fasheng Miao
An entity-type verification protocol for admitting capable AI agents.
ACM CCS 2025
07Xiang Li, Mingming Zhang, Zuyao Xu et al.
Revisiting DNS cache poisoning through the birthday paradox.
ACSAC 20252nd Place
08Xiang Li, Zixuan Xie, Lu Sun, Yuqi Qiu, Zuyao Xu, Zheli Liu
A research scanner for Internet-wide IPv4 and IPv6 measurement.